CITY BENI: STILL BLOWS BALE ARMS WERE HEARD IN THE EVENING TO 20h Sunday, December 27, 2015: The people of Tamende District, Ma Campagne, TONI ... have moved on each other after a few shots of 'weapons of war heard at 20h ds Q. My companion, they go to the south of the city of Beni Beni view of City Hall.This is are all men, women and children out to the stars.This created a total panic among the inhabitants of Beni city fearing their Security & and social life in danger people talk dela presence of Ugandan ADF rebels-Nalu terrorizing the Beni region in over 25 years until today, the population living in hiding.Large agglomeration, village civil Similarly, are the target of repeated attacks by armed men as idatifié like Adf-Nalu rebels and the group's March 23 movement M23 acronym.ALLIED DEMOCRATIC FORCES ARMY FOR NATIONAL LIBERATION OF UGANDA (ADF / NALU) Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) in the territory of Beni, North Kivu Province, between October 1 and December 31, 2014, in May 2015. Since its creation in 1995, the ADF-Nalu is the product of internal fighting Ugandan and regional geopolitics.He brings two armed movements opposed to the regime of Yoweri Museveni.Repulsed by the Ugandan army, these movements found refuge with the Congolese neighbor caring where they merge and form a hybrid rebellion that is born in the DRC and implements it, because they could settle in Uganda.Contained by the Ugandan army but installed in a mountainous border region and difficult to access, the ADF-Nalu are in that gray area that is east Congolese fertile ground for their survival.In a context of collapse of the central state, this movement then melts in the myriad of armed rebel groups that form the geopolitical, convulsive and violent in the region and in which he still operates today.B. GENESIS OF BETWEEN REBELLION AND DEFEAT INSIDE OUTSIDE SUPPORT In September 1995, in Beni in the Congolese province of North Kivu, Yusuf Kabanda, a leader of the Ugandan armed Muslim opposition, and Ali Ngaimoko, Army Commander National for the Liberation of Uganda (NALU), seal an alliance called the Allied Democratic Forces - National Army for the Liberation of Uganda (ADF-NALU).Concluded out of Uganda with the help of Sudanese and Congolese secret services, this alliance brings together two movements defeated by the regular army called the Popular Defense Force of Uganda (UPDF).Without prior operational or ideological links, these movements have in common is opposed to the Ugandan regime, to be at the same time on Congolese soil and be close, independently of each other, enemies Kampala: diets Sudanese al-Turabi and Congolese Mobutu.1. The independence movement Rwenzururu [ICG] The historical roots of the ADF-Nalu refer to the first independence movement Rwenzururu whose melting pot is the Bakonzo community, a minority tribe in western Uganda.Nande with their cousins ​​who are on the other side of the border in the DRC, the Bakonzo form the Bayira ethnicity.Bakonzo and Nande constitute a cross-border ethnic group that has a very close relationship (recognition of the traditional authority, annual gathering of notables of the two groups, etc.) and has taken advantage of its border position by weaving a wide commercial network.The Bakonzo opposed the central government in Kampala from the colonial period.In 1950, following the rejection by the British administration of the creation of a district Bakonzo, the armed movement Rwenzururu appears.Opposed to power resulting from decolonization, Bakonzo create the Kingdom of Rwenzururu 30 June 1962. It calls itself independent 15 August 1962 and Isaya Mukiriana becomes the king.This first insurrectionary movement, faced by the Ugandan government, just independent violently repressed by the army.In 1964, Kampala regained control of this part of the country while the Rwenzururu fighters took refuge in the Rwenzori Mountains, the Congolese-Ugandan border, in a mountainous area difficult of access where the movement set up his independent kingdom.In September 1967, the army destroyed the camp where sat the king of Rwenzururu and dispersed population.The Rwenzururu movement turns into a low-intensity guerrilla from 1967 to 1982, with the objective recognition by the central government of the Kingdom of Rwenzururu Kampala.His struggle officially ends August 15, 1982, when Charles Wesley Irema- Ngoma Willingly, the Omusinga [3] Bakonzo, joined the government of Milton Obote, which grants autonomy to the Kingdom of Rwenzururu failing.

The ADF-Nalu against Uganda: History repeated failure [ICG] In 1996, the number of ADF-Nalu are estimated at between 4,000 and 5,000 fighters.Their operations are concentrated in the Ugandan districts of Kasese and Bundibugo, along the border with the DRC.At that period, Yusuf Kabanda who heads the movement from Lubero, DRC, Jamil Mukulu being only his second.Chris Munyangongo Tushabe says Benz commander, a deserter of the Ugandan army sergeant who received training in Sudan, directs operations against Uganda from the DRC. In June 1997, the first major operation of the ADF-Nalu is to seize the town of Bundibuyo, but they are repelled by Ugandan forces.In 1998 they engaged in forced recruitment in Ugandan schools.In 1999, they attack the Katojo prison. Accumulating military failures and unable to gain a foothold in Uganda, they then attack the civilian population, to force them to cooperate.The ADF-Nalu increasing attacks on villages not protected by the Ugandan army and the police.They illustrate in summary executions, mutilations, abductions, installation of anti personnel mines in fields and on rural roads.They also hit the center of power: Kampala.February 14, 1999, bombings in two restaurants in the Ugandan capital is the starting point of their urban terror campaign.Between April and June 1999, the ADF-Nalu organize seven grenade attacks or roadside bomb in Kampala.The ADF-Nalu organize attacks on 10, 11 and 25 April 1999 and then on 1, 7, 8 and 30 May 1999. These attacks are eleven dead and 42 wounded.Between 1998 and 2000, attacks in the group were a thousand people, displaced 150,000 people, 85 percent of the population Bundibugo District, and lowers tax revenues of 75 percent of the Kasese District. The Ugandan government deploys first troops in urban centers along the axis leading from Fort Portal-Kasese.This first response is to little avail, ADF-Nalu's using the Rwenzori Mountains as a sanctuary and Ugandan forces are neither equipped nor prepared for a confrontation in middle and high mountain.[8] With the agreement of the Congolese of then President Laurent-Desire Kabila, Uganda deploys troops north of the North Kivu province by the end of 1997. In December 1997, the Ugandan army has deployed two battalions on Congolese territory in collaboration with the Congolese forces.This deployment is formalized by an agreement on border security signed April 27, 1998. On November 9, 1999, with the former contest Rwenzururu fighters, the Ugandan army launched a large search operation Rwenzori Mountains: Operation Mountain Sweep.During this operation, a large number of ADF-NALU fighters, but especially some of their commanders are captured or killed. On January 14, 2000, General Kazini announced that the objective of the military to cut the ADF-Nalu their logistical support Sudanese in DRC is reached. Cut off from their Sudanese support, ADF-Nalu reorganize and approach armed groups on Congolese territory: the Rally for Congolese Democracy-Goma (RCD-Goma) in North Kivu and the Congolese Revolutionary Movement (MRC) in Ituri , both allied to Rwanda.They are funded by resorting to banditry and move some of their troops to Ituri.They also take contact with the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), a rebel group opposed to the regime of Paul Kagame.In 2001, an attempt to negotiate with the Ugandan government, which has adopted an amnesty law for combatants of armed groups in 2000, fails.From this year, the army believes that the ADF-Nalu no longer rely a hundred combatants and therefore represent more significant threat. ADF-Nalu 2. ADF to: the fight against Uganda in the fight against the DRC] ICG] End of operations against Uganda: the Nalu disarms In December 2005, the United Nations and the Armed Forces of the DRC (FARDC) launched the North Night Final operation against the ADF-Nalu bases.The main camps were destroyed and about 90 fighters were killed.However, having been warned, leaders escape and disappear into the Rwenzori Mountains.This is the first time that Kinshasa turned against the movement he helped create a decade earlier. Their activities again become significant in 2007 but the Ugandan undercover operations are all opposed by the army.On March 15, 2007, the Ugandan army kills two ADF-NALU combatants in Mubende district.On March 23, she kills two in District Bundibuyo.On March 27, she killed 34 and captured five commanders.